Olho de Coruja (Owl's Eye) - Surrealist Visions and Vibrant Brazilian Expressionism

The world of Brazilian art in the 20th century pulsated with a vibrancy that echoed the country’s soul: its bustling cities, lush landscapes, and complex social fabric. Amidst this creative explosion emerged artists who dared to challenge convention, blurring the lines between reality and imagination, creating worlds both familiar and strangely alluring. One such artist was Wilson Vieira de Mello (1927-2015), known simply as “Wilson,” whose bold canvases captured the essence of Brazilian life through a surrealist lens.

Among his most iconic works is “Olho de Coruja” (Owl’s Eye), painted in 1959, which stands as a testament to Wilson’s unique artistic vision and masterful execution. The painting, awash in vibrant hues and symbolic imagery, invites the viewer on a journey through the subconscious mind, exploring themes of identity, duality, and the mysteries of human perception.

A Surreal Landscape Unveiled

At first glance, “Olho de Coruja” appears as a swirling vortex of colors and forms, seemingly defying any semblance of logical order. The central motif, a large, disembodied eye resembling that of an owl, dominates the canvas with its piercing gaze. Its pupil, a luminous yellow orb surrounded by concentric rings of cobalt blue and crimson red, seems to hold ancient secrets, peering into the viewer’s soul with unsettling intensity.

Surrounding the owl’s eye is a tapestry of fantastical imagery: stylized birds with elongated necks, anthropomorphic figures engaged in enigmatic rituals, and abstract forms that dance and intertwine like celestial bodies. The use of bold primary colors—yellow, red, blue—creates a sense of dynamism and urgency, while subtle variations in hue and texture add depth and nuance to the composition.

Symbolism and Deeper Meanings

Wilson’s “Olho de Coruja” is not merely a visual feast; it’s an intricate tapestry woven with symbolism and deeper meanings. The owl’s eye, often associated with wisdom, knowledge, and the supernatural, suggests a heightened awareness of hidden realities.

The stylized birds surrounding the eye may represent messengers or guardians, connecting the earthly realm to the celestial sphere. The enigmatic figures engaged in rituals hint at ancient traditions and beliefs, reminding us of the enduring power of mythology and folklore.

Wilson’s choice of bright, vibrant colors further amplifies the surrealist nature of the work. They evoke a sense of primal energy and emotional intensity, drawing the viewer into a world beyond rational understanding. The interplay of light and shadow creates a dramatic effect, emphasizing the tension between the seen and the unseen, the known and the unknown.

A Legacy of Surrealism in Brazil

Wilson’s “Olho de Coruja” is a testament to the thriving surrealist movement in 20th-century Brazil. Influenced by European artists like Salvador Dalí and René Magritte, Brazilian surrealists embraced experimentation and imagination, exploring the realms of dreams, desires, and the unconscious mind.

However, Brazilian surrealism went beyond mere imitation; it absorbed influences from indigenous cultures, folklore, and the unique social and political realities of the country. Artists like Wilson sought to create a distinctly Brazilian form of surrealism, imbued with the vibrant energy and cultural richness of their homeland.

“Olho de Coruja,” with its bold colors, symbolic imagery, and exploration of subconscious themes, exemplifies this unique blend of European surrealism and Brazilian identity. It stands as a testament to Wilson’s artistic vision, inviting us to contemplate the mysteries of human perception and the boundless power of imagination.